引言：在 EB-5项目中，目标就业区(TEA)是衡量投资者投资额的重要条件。如果一个 EB-5项目的新企业位于目标就业区，投资者的最低投资要求就可以从 100万美元下降到50万美元。但认定目标就业区的标准涉及许多因素，例如其所在地或者失业率。此外，认定 EB-5投资所投向的这家新企业是否位于目标就业区，也取决于诸如其就业岗位创造地、资金使用地、主要营业地等因素。因此，投资者在选择 EB-5项目时，一定要聘请专业团队以确保所投项目位于目标就业区，保证自己的投资符合标准，顺利完成美国投资移民。

　　什么是目标就业区

　　作者： Lauren A. Cohen

　　来源： ILW.com Blogs

　　翻译：兆龙移民(转载请注明出处)

　　One of the requirements of an EB-5 investor is to invest a certain amount of capital in a new commercial enterprise (NCE). The question is, what amount of capital does the investor need to invest? The answer depends on whether or not the NCE is in atargeted employment area (TEA).

　　EB-5投资移民的要求之一是向一家新企业(NCE)投资一定数量的资金。问题在于，投资者需要向其投入多少资金?这个问题的答案，取决于这家新企业是否位于目标就业区(TEA)。

　　According to 8 U.S.C. § 1153(b)(5)(C)(i), the required capital investment amount is $1,000,000. However, 8 U.S.C. § 1153(b)(5)(C)(ii) and 8 C.F.R. § 204.6(f)(2), allows an exception where the NCE is in a targeted employment area. A “targeted employment area” is a rural area or an area experiencing unemployment of at least 150 percent of the national average rate.[1] “Rural area” is defined as outside of a Metropolitan Statistical Area, or the outer boundary of any city or town having a population of 20,000 or more (based on the most recent decennial census of the United States).[2]

　　根据8 U.S.C. § 1153(b)(5)(C)(i) 的规定， EB-的投资额最低要求为 100万美元。但是，如果这家新企业位于目标就业区，则 8 U.S.C. § 1153(b)(5)(C)(i)和 8 C.F.R. § 204.6(f)(2)允许其享受例外规定。 “目标就业区” 是指一个乡村地区或者一个当地失业率超过国家平均水平 50%的地区 [1]。而 “乡村地区” ，则是特指位于城市数据统计区之外，或者位于任何一个有 2万以上人口的城镇行政区划之外的地区(人口数的标准基于美国最新的人口十年普查数据)。 [2]

　　The reason why Congress added this exception was to encourage investors to create jobs in areas that have the greatest need. Logically, this would be in rural and areas of higher rates of unemployment. To qualify, the NCE must be considered to beprincipally doing business in this location. Several factors are examined to determine whether the NCE is principally doing business in that area, which include:

　　国会之所以允许这种例外规定，是想要鼓励投资者在那些亟需就业岗位的地区创造就业机会。从逻辑上来说，这些亟需就业岗位的地区便是上述所称的乡村地区或高失业率地区。为了符合享受例外规定的条件，这家新企业的主要营业地必须在目标就业区。而衡量新企业主要营业地是否在目标就业区，则取决于以下因素：

　　(1)the location of any jobs directly created by the new commercial enterprise;

　　(1)新企业直接创造的就业岗位所在地;

　　(2)the location of any expenditure of capital related to the creation of jobs;

　　(2)用于创造就业岗位的资金使用地;

　　(3)where the new commercial enterprise conducts its day-to-day operation;

　　(3)新企业的日常管理地;

　　(4)where the new commercial enterprise maintains its assets that are utilized in the creation of jobs. Matter of Izummi, 22 I&N Dec. at 174[3].

　　(4)新企业所拥有的、用于创造就业岗位的资产所在地。 (Matter of Izummi, 22 I&N Dec. at 174, [3])

　　Another important item to note is that even if a Regional Center was previously designated as a TEA, this does not mean that it will automatically be approved as a TEA for all future investments. An investor must hire a professional Team which includes a qualified economist who can confirm that the NCE is still considered to be located in a TEA.

　　另一个值得关注的因素是，即使一个区域中心此前被认定是目标就业区，也并不表示未来对这一区域中心所有的投资都将被认定是对目标就业区的投资。因此，投资者一定要聘请包括经济专家在内的专业团队，来确认所投资的新企业是否被认定为位于目标就业区。

　　Additionally, the investor may seek to have an area designated as a TEA. To do so, the following evidence will be required:

　　除此之外，投资者可能希望能将某个地区认定为目标就业区。为了达到这一目标，需要提交以下证明材料：

　　(1)evidence that the area is outside of a metropolitan statistical area and outside of a city or town having a population of 20,000 or more;

　　(1)证明该地 位于城市数据统计区之外，或者位于任何一个有 2万以上人口的城镇行政区划之外的材料;

　　(2)unemployment data for the relevant metropolitan statistical area or county; or

　　(2)与该地相关的城市或乡镇数据统计区的失业数据。

　　[1]http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/8/1153

　　[2]Id

　　[3]http://www.justice.gov/eoir/vll/intdec/vol22/3360.pdf

　　来源：

　　http://blogs.ilw.com/entry.php?8382-What-is-a-Targeted-Employment-Area-By-Lauren-A-Cohen-Esq